Improvement in breech-loading fire-arms



P. SGHULER. BREBGH LOADING FIREARM.

Patented Nov. 1, 1870.

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PETER SGHULER', OF MORRIS, INDIANA.

Letters Patent No. 108,836, dated November 1. 1870.

W. lMPROVEiVlEN T IN BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARMS.

The Schedule referred to in these Letters Patent: and making part of the same.

reference being bad to the accompanying drawing form ing part of this specification, in which- Figure 1 represents a side view, partlyin section, of

my invention, showing the parts in position after firing.

and extracting the cartridge-shell.

Figure 2 is a side view of the same, showing the parts in position immediately after firing.

Figure 3 is a detail perspective view of the hook and arbor for locking thecartridge.

Figure 4 is a longitudinal section of the cartridge in the barrel.

Similar letters of reference indicate corresponding This invention relates to certain new improvements in breech-loading fire-arms and cartridge-shells, and has for its object to simplify the construction of the breech ends of barrels, and economize cartridge-shells.

The invention consists chiefly in doing away with a breech-block for the barrel, and in substituting therefor the-head of the cartridge-shell, which islocked to the barrel by a cam or arbor.

The invention consists also in a novel construction of said cartridge-shell and head, the latter being providedwith a groove for the looking-cam.

The invention consists also in the use of a springdog for holding the hammer cocked.

A in the drawing represents the barrel of the firearm.

B is the stock,

G, the-hammer.

The barrel is open at the breech end to receive the cartridge. p

The cartridge-shell D is made of metal, with a female screw-thread cut into its rear end, so that it can be screwed upon the front end of the head E.

' This cartridge-shell head is cast of iron or other strong material, and has a small tube, a, fit-ted longitudimilly through it.

The backward]y-projecting.cnd b of the tube a constitutes the nipple for receiving the percussion-cap.

The front part of the tube to projects forward into the shell D, so that it will carry the spark to the front of the powder, letting the same burn backward, as in the Prussian needle-gun.

The lower side of the head 1*] has a lateral groove, 0, cut into it for the reception of the locking-cam.

From the rear end of the head projects upward a pin, (1, which strikes against the breech end of the barrel into a notch formed therein and defining the position of the cartridge.

Near the breech end of the barrel is fitted, through the lowerpart of the same, a transverse arbor, 1 which has a handle, 0, at one end.

This arbor has a portion cut out, as in fig. 3, which, when the handle is turned-down, as in fig. 1, will be flush with the bore of the barrel, to not impede the insertionaud removal of the cartridge.

When the cartridge has been put in, the groove 0 of the head will be immediately above the arbor F,

and then the latter is so turned as to fit into said groove and thereby lock the cartridge, as is clearly shown in fig. 4.

The cartridge-head will thus constitute the breechblock of the barrel, no gther breech-block being rcquired,the ca1n or arbor F serving to lock the cartridge-head so secure that it cannot be'forced back by the expansive gases produced by the combustion of the powder.

The hammer 0 contains atbrward-projecting spring hook, f, which, when the hammer is forced down for firing, catches into-a groove of theoartridge-head, and serves to withdraw the head and shell while the hammcr is being cocked.

G isa V-shaped spring-dog, pivoted at its point to the side of the arm, and fitting, with one arm, g, into a notch of the handle e,'while the other arm, h, fits against the lower part of the hammer, which has a notch or shoulder, i.

\Vhcn the hammer is cocked and theha-ndle' 0 let down, as in fig. 1, so that the cartridge can be removed or put in, the arm it catches into the notch 11 and holds the hamn' er cocked, preventing it from bcin g thrown down as long as the cartridge has not been prcperlysccured.

When, however, the handle a is swung into a horizontal position, it engages the end of the arm 1 with its notched part, as in fig. 2, and draws thereby the arm h off the hammer, allowing the same to be let down for firing.

The operation is as follows:

\Vhcn the hammer is cooked, the handle 0 is let down and a cartridge inserted into the barrel. The handle 0 is then swung up to lock the cartridge.

After the piece has been fired, the handle a is first swung down, and then the hammer is cocked, thereby withdrawing the cartridge-shell and hcad, which can be used again for further charges. The shell constitutcs an exact measure for the explosive material.

' The invention is intended especially for fundingpieces and hunting-guns, and is applicable to singlcaswell as donblc-barrclcd fire-arms.

Having thus described my'inveiition,

I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters latcritl. The combination, with the open breech end of the barrel A, of the cam-arbor F, provided with the handle 0, and the solid head E of the cartridge-shell D, having the transverse grooie c," all arranged as cartridge for the reception of a cam 01* arbor, whereby shown and described, and for the purpose specified. the cartridge is locked to the barrel, as set forth.

2. The spring-dog G g h, and. handle 0 and hammer The above specification of my invention signed by O 2', each of said parts being constructed and all of me this 15th day of August, 1870. them arranged specifically as shown and described, and Witnesses: 7 PETER SCH ULER. operating as specified. FELIX BAUER,

3'. The groove 0, provided in the solid head of a H. O. ScHMUTTn. 

